Bank and reconciliation

The Banque (Bank) group puts two things face to face: what your bank has put through and what your company has entered. Reconciliation is the gesture that ties them together, and it is what makes your books checkable.

Three gaps live unseen until it has happened, and none of them changes the size of a total: a payment recorded twice, a cheque never presented, a transfer that never arrived. Reconciling brings them out the same day.

Declaring a bank account

Open Banque, Comptes en banque (Bank, Bank accounts), a screen open at the Owner rank, then Nouveau compte (New account):

• Nom du compte (Account name): the one you recognise it by, for example Compte courant or Livret EUR;
• Banque (Bank): the institution that holds it;
• IBAN ou numéro de compte (IBAN or account number): optional, and useful to find the account on a paper statement;
• Devise du compte (Account currency): the one the bank holds it in, and the one its statements will arrive in.

An account is withdrawn from the list once it is closed, and taken back if you reopen it. Its statements and its movements stay readable either way.

Loading a statement

From Banque, Rapprochement (Bank, Reconciliation) or from an account record, Verser un relevé (Load a statement) opens the import form. The statement is loaded as a CSV file, exactly as your bank exports it, with the column names on the first line.

Saying how to read the file

Half of the form describes your bank's alphabet, because two spellings read perfectly on screen while meaning two different things:

• Comment la banque écrit ses dates (How the bank writes its dates): 31/12/2026 (day, month, year), 12/31/2026 (month, day, year), 2026-12-31 (year, month, day), 31.12.2026 (day, month, year) or 31/12/26 (two-digit year). That choice decides the month, 01/02/2026 being 1 February here and 2 January elsewhere;
• Séparateur des décimales (Decimal separator): the comma (1 234,56) or the point (1,234.56). The other sign is then read as the thousands separator.

The column separator, for its part, is recognised on its own.

Naming the columns

• Colonne des dates (Date column) and Colonne des libellés (Description column): the exact names carried by the first line of your file;
• Colonne des références (Reference column): optional, and well worth it, a reference helping to find the matching payment;
• Les montants (Amounts): one single column, negative for debits, or two columns, debit and credit. Depending on your choice, fill in Colonne des montants (Amount column), or Colonne des débits (Debit column) and Colonne des crédits (Credit column).

The two balances, and what they prove

Solde avant ces mouvements (Balance before these movements) and Solde après ces mouvements (Balance after these movements) are optional, and they are what allows a truncated file to be refused: the sum of the movements must link the two exactly, failing which the statement is refused. This is the guard that catches an export cut short by pagination, a date filter left on the bank's screen, or a debit column read as a credit.

Fill them in together, one without the other proving nothing. The opening balance is offered to you from the account's last verified statement. A statement loaded without its balances comes in normally, and the account record says that it was not verified.

The file is read and checked in full before a single line comes in, and a line already loaded is recognised then set aside: loading the same statement twice doubles nothing.

Reconciling your movements

Open Banque, Rapprochement (Bank, Reconciliation). The movements still waiting are shown oldest first, a movement left alone for a long time being the one with the most to say.

Under each movement, the screen offers the payments it could stand for:

• of the same amount and same currency;
• within seven days of the value date;
• in the right direction: a credit meets only an incoming payment, a debit only an outgoing one;
• and not already reconciled with another movement.

You choose, and you alone. Two customers paying 1,200 EUR on the same day is the ordinary case, and you are the one who knows which is which. A payment is reconciled only once.

The three states of a movement

An account record sorts movements under three tabs, each with its count:

State	What it means
À rapprocher (To reconcile)	the movement is waiting for the payment that matches it
Rapproché (Reconciled)	it is tied to a payment, with the party's name alongside
Écarté (Set aside)	it was handled outside allocation, with the reason you wrote

Écarter (Set aside) asks for a reason, and that is what lets a list empty out: account keeping fees or overdraft interest have no invoice facing them. Six months later, the reason still says why the line was handled. Reprendre (Take back) brings a set-aside movement back into the work to do, and Défaire (Undo) unties a reconciled movement.

When the amounts do not match to the cent

Reconciliation does not require equality to the cent: a bank takes its fees out of the transfer, and your customer receives 997 for a payment of 1,000. The gap is displayed on the account record, alongside the movement, and your books keep both figures as they stand. When the movement and the payment are in two currencies, the two amounts are shown side by side.

What reconciliation earns you next

A payment does not say, on its own, which bank it arrived through: only reconciliation knows. Once reconciled, it is written in your accounting journal under the real bank account. See Accounting export.